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In the Common Core, finding a percent of a number and finding the whole from a part and its percent are grade 6 work. Percent increase and decrease, discounts, sales tax, tips, markups and commission are grade 7. Start with a percent of a number, then what percent, then the whole, then the three mixed, where the child has to tell which one each question asks for.

Percent of a number

Percent means out of 100, so 30% is 30/100, or 0.3. To find 30% of 80, multiply: 0.3 × 80 = 24. A percent over 100 gives more than the number, 150% of 40 = 1.5 × 40 = 60, and a small percent needs a 0 after the point: 3% is 0.03.

What percent, and the whole

To find what percent 12 is of 48, divide the part by the whole and multiply by 100: 12 ÷ 48 = 0.25, which is 25%. To find the whole when 15 is 30% of it, divide the part by the percent as a decimal: 15 ÷ 0.3 = 50. Check by working forward: 30% of 50 is 15.

Percent increase and decrease

Divide the change by the amount you started with. From 48 to 60 is a change of 12, and 12 ÷ 48 = 0.25, an increase of 25%. From 60 back to 48 is the same change of 12, but 12 ÷ 60 = 0.2, a decrease of 20%: the percent depends on where you start.

Discounts, tax and tips

A $48.00 jacket at 25% off: 25% of $48.00 is $12.00, so the sale price is $48.00 − $12.00 = $36.00. A $25.00 lamp with 7% sales tax: 7% of $25.00 is $1.75, so the total is $26.75. A 20% tip on $36.40 is 0.2 × $36.40 = $7.28.

Fractions, decimals and percents

To turn a fraction into a decimal, divide the top number by the bottom: 3/4 = 3 ÷ 4 = 0.75. To turn a decimal into a percent, multiply by 100: 0.75 = 75%. So 1/8 = 0.125 = 12.5%, and 0.3 is 30%, not 3%.

Related printables 12

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Count the coins and write the total in cents: pennies, nickels, dimes and quarters drawn at their real size, six groups a page, totals under a dollar, with the answers on the key. Leave out the quarters for an easier sheet. New coins each time.

Number bonds worksheets

Number bonds to 10: the whole in the top circle, its two parts below, and one of the three left empty to fill in. Choose the largest whole, up to 100, and how many bonds; the answer key is on the last page.

Place value worksheets

Place value practice with numbers of 2 to 5 digits: half the questions ask what one digit is worth, as the 4 in 3,482 is worth 400, and half ask for the number in expanded form, as 3,000 + 400 + 80 + 2. The answer key is on the last page.

Measuring length worksheets

Six lines drawn at their true length, to measure with a ruler from the left end and write down to the nearest half inch, then two lines to draw at a given length, with a ruler to cut out at the foot of the page and the answers on page 2. Choose whole, half, quarter or eighth inches, or whole or half centimetres.

Measuring angles worksheets

Six angles a page, drawn at their true size from 10 to 170 degrees in steps of 5, to measure with a protractor and circle as acute, right or obtuse, with the answers on the key. One arm lies flat to start, pointing left or right; on the harder sheet both arms turn. New angles each time.

2D shapes worksheets

Eight flat shapes a page to name, and to count the sides and corners of: triangle, square, rectangle, rhombus, trapezoid, pentagon, hexagon, octagon, circle and oval, with the answers on the key. On the harder sheet each shape is turned and the triangles and rectangles change shape, so the name rests on the sides. New shapes each time.

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