NOAA’s food web for the Gulf of Maine: plankton, krill, scallops, herring, mackerel, dogfish, cod, tuna and seals, each arrow from a food to the animal that eats it. Print it labelled, with five questions, or with the arrows left out to draw from the clues. The labelled sheet is the answer key. Or draw your own web, from a place you know.
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Labelled draws the web with all fourteen arrows and lists who eats whom under it, or beside it on a page turned sideways. With questions asks five questions under the web, the last of them what would happen if the krill disappeared, and the answer key after it gives the answers. Draw the arrows prints the nine pictures without arrows, with one clue for each animal: a child draws an arrow from each food to the animal that eats it, and the labelled web follows as the key. In Colour the fish print in blues, greens and greys, the krill and the scallop orange; Ink saver prints the pictures as outlines, to colour in. Make your own prints the four levels, from the producers at the foot to a top predator (from the left on a page turned sideways), with an empty square for each living thing and a line for its name, and room between the levels to draw the arrows: for a web from a pond, a backyard or a habitat the class is studying.
A food web joins the food chains of one place. Each arrow points from the food to the eater, the way the energy flows, as NOAA’s diagram draws it. Follow the arrows up from the plankton and the web holds several chains: plankton, krill, herring, seal; plankton, krill, mackerel, tuna; plankton, scallop, cod, seal. Four animals here eat herring (the cod, the dogfish, the tuna and the seals), so a change to the herring reaches most of the web.
The plankton drifting in the water include phytoplankton, the producers: like plants, they make their own food from sunlight. NOAA’s “Aquatic food webs” counts krill, herring and scallops as primary consumers, dogfish, cod and mackerel as secondary consumers, and tuna and seals as tertiary consumers, at the top of this web with no natural predators apart from humans. An animal can feed at more than one level: herring eat krill as well as plankton, so a herring eating krill feeds as a secondary consumer.
NOAA’s Ocean Food Webs Module finds about ten times as much herring as cod in the Gulf of Maine by weight: about 700,000 metric tons of herring to 70,000 of cod, in its model of the sand flats. A kind higher up a food web generally has less biomass, or living matter, than one lower down. The labelled sheet prints this as its last line.
A flowering plant to label and colour: the flower, a leaf, the stem and the roots, and a fruit cut open to show its seeds. Print it labelled, with what each part does, or with empty boxes and a word bank, and the labelled sheet after it as the answer key.
An adult insect seen from above, with its eight parts to learn: the head, an antenna, a compound eye, the thorax and the abdomen, a leg, a wing and the spiracles it breathes through. Print it labelled, with what each part is, or with empty boxes, a word bank and three questions, and the labelled sheet after it as the answer key.
A flower cut in half to show its ten parts: the petal, the sepal, the anther and the filament of a stamen, the stigma, the style and the ovary of the pistil, the ovules inside it, the receptacle and the stem. Print it labelled, with what each part is, or with empty boxes, a word bank and four questions, and the labelled sheet after it as the answer key.
An animal cell and a plant cell, each cut open to show ten parts. Both have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, a nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus and a vacuole; the animal cell also shows the nucleolus and a lysosome, the plant cell its cell wall and chloroplasts. Print either one labelled, with what each part is; to label, with empty boxes, a word bank and three questions; or with the names to cut out and glue in. The labelled sheet follows as the answer key.
Two food chains, each read from the bottom up. In a meadow: the Sun, grass, a grasshopper, a frog, a snake and a hawk, with the mushrooms that break down whatever dies. In a kelp forest: the Sun, kelp, sea urchins and sea otters, with bacteria. Print either one labelled; to label, with a word bank and three questions; or to cut and glue in order. The labelled sheet follows as the answer key.
What a plant needs to grow, three ways: twelve pictures to circle the things a plant needs, with the key; the seven needs round a seedling in its pot, labelled or to label; and a two-week test of whether a plant needs light.
The four stages of a monarch butterfly drawn in a cycle, egg, caterpillar, chrysalis and butterfly, with an arrow from each to the next and what happens at each stage. Print it labelled, to label with a word bank, or with the four pictures to cut out and glue in order; the answer key follows.
The four stages of a northern leopard frog drawn in a cycle, egg, tadpole, froglet and frog, with an arrow from each to the next and what happens at each stage. Print it labelled, to label with a word bank, or with the four pictures to cut out and glue in order; the answer key follows.
The life cycle of a flowering plant, a bean, drawn in four stages, seed, sprout, seedling and adult plant with its flowers and pods, with an arrow from each to the next and back to the seed. Print it labelled, with what happens at each stage, to label with a word bank, or to cut and glue in order; the answer key follows.
The four stages of a chicken drawn in a cycle, egg, embryo, chick and hen, with an arrow from each to the next and what happens at each stage, the days counted from the egg. Print it labelled, to label with a word bank, or with the four pictures to cut out and glue in order; the answer key follows.
The four stages of a ladybug drawn in a cycle, eggs, larva, pupa and adult, with an arrow from each to the next and what happens at each stage. Print it labelled, to label with a word bank, or with the four pictures to cut out and glue in order; the answer key follows.
The four stages of a pumpkin drawn in a cycle, seed, sprout, flower and pumpkin, with an arrow from each to the next and back to the seed. Print it labelled, with what happens at each stage, to label with a word bank, or with the four pictures to cut out and glue in order; the answer key follows.
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